Ruído de tráfego no bairro Bancários, em João Pessoa/PB: diagnóstico e estratégias de mitigação

Abstract

Noise maps are a way of spatially visualizing the sound pressure levels of a given area and are currently an important tool for urban planning. Its relevance consists both in the diagnosis of the problem and in the proposition of action plans and / or strategies to control urban noise aimed at improving the acoustic quality of cities. Previous research on noise pollution in the city of João Pessoa, capital of the state of Paraíba, recorded that, despite having lower housing density, João Pessoa has more complaints of noise pollution per year than other nearby capitals, which are Natal (capital of Rio Grande do Norte) and Maceió (capital of Alagoas). Thus, this work had as its general objective to elaborate strategic scenarios of traffic noise mitigation for the Bancários neighborhood, based on its noise map. For this, the methodological procedures consisted of bibliographic and documentary research, updating of the data obtained in the previous mapping, data collection in the field to check the situation during the pandemic, making noise maps in the soundPLAN® software, preliminary analysis of the produced maps for the choice of intervention areas, proposition and computational simulation of noise mitigation scenarios based on the combination of strategies and analysis / discussion of results. As a result, the maps showed that the neighborhood has sound levels well above the parameters established by NBR 10151: 2019, both in the morning and in the afternoon. However, through the application of combinations of mitigation strategies aimed at actions in the sound source, in the propagation medium and in the receivers, it is stated that it was possible to attenuate the noise in order to comply with the legislation in several points, and the most important , provide acoustically healthier environments. Therefore, the research demonstrated that the problem of noise pollution is something recurring in the neighborhood, but also presented solutions based on the analysis, proposition and computational simulation of noise mitigation strategies, showing that the noise maps are an important tool for the analysis and understanding urban sound scenarios contributing to better city planning.