Programa de compostagem da Universidade Federal da Paraíba Campus i: gerenciamento e aplicações

Abstract

The National Policy on Solid Waste indicates that it is essential to reduce the flow of waste destined for landfill. Faced with this, the Federal University of Paraíba implemented the Composting Program for sweeping residues of roads and streets, this residue is almost completely formed by fallen leaves or litter, if sweeping does not occur regularly the residue found on the floor can damage the devices drainage of rainwater and hamper the accessibility of pedestrians. To compose this residue, 14 composts were implanted in the 11 sectors of the university, which comprise a total storage volume of 1600m³, the residue from the sweeping is subjected to a manual sorting and therefore is placed and accumulated inside the composts, in order to maintain the project's efficiency, environmental performance indicators were elaborated. In order to determine the input load of this material in the composites, the cumulative volume divided by the operating time was measured and a reduction coefficient added, this reduction coefficient was defined by means of a pilot composite, the result of this input volume was compared to the results obtained by the influence areas method, where using AutoCad software and Google Earth images, polygonals were delimited in the tree canopies located in the sites that occur sweeping. Some parameters were determined to carry out the sizing of compost and to calculate the production of organic compost. At the UFPB, the green area of influence for composting is 2.6 hectares, annual production of 1100m³ of litter and 580m³ of organic compost in two years, equivalent to 562.5 tons, with an economic value of R $ 1.5 / kg of compost, the UFPB saved about R $ 843,900 in two years. This program can be replicated in other urban public areas to examples of parks, squares and forest surroundings.