Subsistência e conflito: as atividades pesqueiras na Comunidade Renascer diante do processo de urbanização da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Mandacaru

Abstract

The rivers play important roles in nature, among them the ability to serve as a habitat for various species, for example fish, molluscs and crustaceans, which favors the development of fishing activities. The urban expansion in the basins in line with political decisions that do not take into account environmental factors, favors the occupation of areas close to rivers, causing the degradation of the natural environment. Given this scenario, the urban rivers pass to be recipients of waste and effluents varied, which causes many problems for the aquatic biota and thus for those who depend on it. This is the case of the community Renascer, inserted in the municipality of Cabedelo, who settled on the banks of the river Mandacaru, establishing a relationship of subsistence that with the passing of the years went through changes. In this way, the objective of this work was to understand the historical context and current fishing activity in the community Renascer, before the process of urbanization of the watershed of the river Mandacaru, which consists in an intermunicipal basin, encompassing the cities of João Pessoa and Cabedelo. For this, were performed: bibliographic and documentary of the process of formation of this community and its relations with the rio Mandacaru, informal interviews with fishermen, crab gatherers and collectors of the community and finally the survey of environmental impacts present in Mandacaru river basin, through direct observations and photographic records. Through this work it was possible to conclude that the Community reborn suffers daily with the cumulative effects of environmental impacts on the watershed of the rio Mandacaru, of which it is part, at the same time that also contributes to the process of degradation of the river. In this way it is necessary to joint action of public managers and the various sectors of society for the management of this river as envisaged in the National Policy and the policy of State for Hydric Resources.