Proposta de modelo de aterro sanitário simplificado para municípios de pequeno porte

Abstract

Population growth associated with urban development resulted in an increase in the rate of waste generation, both in large centers and in small municipalities. To combat waste evils, as well as their proper management, governments need to invest large sums in the construction of landfills. In order to force the managers to commit to solid waste management and permanently extinguish the dumps, the Federal Government created Law 12,305 / 2012, establishing deadlines, targets and alternatives (creation of consortia) to adapt each municipality to the legal dictates. In theory, for the poorest municipalities, joining the consortium seems the most viable alternative, since it allows small municipalities to join forces and resources and, through a contract with service providers, to elaborate their politic for the management and proper treatment of their waste and, finally, the correct final disposal of the tailings. However, in order to join the consortia and subsequently enjoy their services, the municipalities must comply with the official creditors and the consortium administrators. This condition means that the great majority of small municipalities cannot constitute consortiums because they are negative and cannot enjoy their services because they are in debt with the administrators. Thus, this paper proposes a simplified landfill model with a lower cost, because it makes use of alternative materials instead of conventional ones, because it is based on PNRS priorities and mainly, because it is appropriate to the reality of each municipality