As representações sociais das crianças e adolescentes com câncer sobre a reinserção escolar

Abstract

Cancer in childhood and adolescence is understood as a painful moment and confusing for the patient and their family, and may cause the expulsion of social spaces. This done, there is the need of the individual rebuild their representations about the life, death, the people with whom she lives and environments that once frequented, the example of the school, to learn to live with the disease. For its implementation, the Theory of Social Representations, which seeks to understand how the subject shall appoint and define together the events of daily life, make decisions and are positioned forward to them. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the social representations of children and adolescents with cancer on the reintegration into school. Participated in this study four oncology patients with ages ranging between nine and thirteen years, equally distributed on the basis of gender, being two girls and two boys, residents of county of the State of Paraiba. The participants answered a semi-structured interview, the drawing-story with theme and the demographic questionnaire. The data were analyzed from the Content Analysis of Bardin. The results revealed that this group represents the reintegration into school as a moment of hope, to return to daily activities and that promotes the emotional development, cognitive and social. However, also showed that this moment can is associated with the negative representations, in so far as, exposes his body changes and the prevent of ingesting certain foods that are offered in the school snack, this ends up causing embarrassment and discomfort, therefore, preventing them from some perks that their colleagues have as, playing ball, running and jumping. From this problem, it can be stated that the targeted assistance to children and adolescents with cancer should attempt to provide a better quality of life, taking into consideration the implications social, affective and cognitive disorders caused by illness and, consequently the representations that have been assigned to respect their reintegration into school. In reference to this, the psychopedagogy is an area of knowledge that stands out among the others, because it involved considering the factors physical, emotional, psychological, educational, social and cultural. In This way, from this study it can be considered that the social representations that children and adolescents attribute about the reintegration into school can contribute to your school adjustment and emotional, positive attitudes toward the school and professional career. However, when social actors (teachers, director, coordinator, social workers, psychologists, educational psychologists, etc.) does not provide for a qualified assistance and a space that promotes the well-being, the representations of this group can be associated with the negative factors such as motivation, low self-esteem and the evasion. Therefore, it is necessary the formation and training of professionals, as well as, the implementation of projects that promote the convenience, learning and socialization of these learners