O teorema de Pitágoras: uma proposta didática para o ensino de matemática no ensino fundamental através da resolução de problemas

Abstract

The main objective of this research was to discuss the Pythagorean Theorem through didactic activities using Problem Solving with students of the 9th grade of Elementary School in a public school in the city of Cacimbas, Paraíba. Based on the theme, studies aimed at discussion were developed, focusing on current legislation (BRASIL, 1997, 1998, 2017) and on theoretical studies by different authors. The research methodology was characterized by being an exploratory study, of an actionresearch nature, with qualitative analysis, having as subjects 21 students from a 9th grade class of a public school in the city of Cacimbas - PB. For this, a questionnaire was applied in order to trace the socioeconomic and cognitive profile of students on the subject. Then, activities were applied based on the didactic sequence that discussed concepts of triangles and their application in five consecutive days. The results indicated that of the students are male and are female, aged between 13 and 16 years or older, with living with their parents and have a family income of less than 1 minimum wage. Although of the students in the class like to study Mathematics, could not cite any situation in which the figure of the triangle was present in their daily lives. As for the application of the didactic sequence, of the students had a lot of difficulty reading and interpreting the proposed problems, had difficulty with the basic operations of mathematics and of the students in the class did not complete the resolution of the problems. problems. In view of this, it becomes relevant to conduct future studies to expand this study together with active methodologies to achieve new BNCC skills aimed at Elementary Education.