Crescimento de três espécies de pitaya cultivadas no cariri paraibano

Abstract

Agricultural production in the semi-arid region is challenging due to low rainfall. However, we can find solutions like a fruitful cactus capable of adapting to adverse conditions. For instance, dragon fruit has aroused the interest of the consumer market. This study aimed to evaluate seedling growth, canopy development, and fruit characteristics of three dragon fruit species. The experimental planting was implemented in August 2020 in the semi-arid region of Cariri in Paraíba. One or two plants were planted per post using 3x3m spacing. Growth evaluations were carried out, and different fruit parameters were measured at the end of the first production cycle, such as fresh mass, diameter, and soluble solids content. The species Selenicereus costaricensis (Weber) D.R.Hunt had the fastest growth, reaching a minimum crown height in about six months, while S. undatus (Haw.) D.R.Hunt took eight months, and S. monacanthus (Lem.) took approximately 12 months to reach the same height. No significant differences were observed in seedling growth when compared to the number of plants per post. However, there was a significant difference in the total number of sprouts, being higher in posts with two plants. Selenicereus undatus was the species that presented the highest number of sprouts in the canopy. About the fruits, there was a difference of fresh weight among the species, S. monacanthus has smaller fruits than other species. These observations provide information for the cultivation and management of dragon fruit in the Cariri region of Paraíba, highlighting the differences between species concerning growth and fruit characteristics.