Qualidade da água e nível de conservação das nascentes situadas no Sítio Videl, zona rural do município de Solânea-PB

Abstract

The demand for drinking water by the population has been growing more and more, and groundwater resources are very demanded, however, whether these are superficial or underground need to present certain standards of quality and potability to be destined for human consumption. This work aimed to characterize the water quality and environmental conservation level of the springs located in Sítio Videl, a rural area of the municipality of Solânea, PB. The springs were studied for the physicochemical and microbiological parameters of the water, as well as a floristic survey of the area in question and a socioeconomic questionnaire was applied. The values obtained were compared with the normative standards for water quality and the level of conservation of the springs. The color parameter is not in accordance with VMP, as well as Turbidity, where only the NC4 spring was within the standards. Regarding pH, only the NC3 spring was not within the average. As for the electrical conductivity, the highest value was measured in the NC 3 (1179 µS/cm), spring, while the NC 5 spring presented the lowest value and chloride level within the VMP. In relation to the STD only the NC3 spring had its result above the VMP, the total alkalinity values obtained presented variations among themselves, with the NC1 spring, standing out with the highest value, on the other hand, the NC 3 spring obtained the lowest value and the presence of sulfates. The total hardness was within the VMP, the temperature remained stable, as well as the absence of ammonia remained absent in all springs. Coliforms 35° C, Escherichia coli, and Heterotrophic Bacteria were present in all springs. Regarding the degree of vegetation preservation, the springs NC1, NC2, NC4 and NC5 were classified as degraded, while the source NC3 was classified as disturbed. Thus, it can be concluded that the waters of the springs are inadequate for human consumption and the springs degraded. Therefore, it is worth emphasizing the importance of preserving the areas around the springs, thus avoiding worsening in their degradation and consequently favoring good water quality both for human consumption and for irrigation.