Análise de fatores socioeconômicos contextuais no desempenho de propriedades familiares de base agroecológica: uma discussão da literatura e aplicação no território da Borborema - PB

Abstract

To promote family farming based on agroecology is to highlight a model of agricultural production that is committed to sustainability. This work aligns performance indicators from the perspective of the dimensions of sustainability in family farming based on agroecology. This research has as main objective to analyze performance indicators from the perspective of sustainability in the context of family farming based on agroecology, considering the socioeconomic aspects, hitherto little publicized in the literature. For this, the main contributions, trends and gaps in the convergence of the area of knowledge on performance indicators in family farming based on agroecology were identified. From the systematic review of the literature, through descriptive analysis, analysis of relationship networks (co-citation and keywords) and content analysis, it was possible to highlight the growing expansion of researches that address the debate. It also allowed to highlight the multidisciplinary characteristic of the theme, resulting in a diverse body of knowledge; it also pointed out the demand for scientific evidence that involves aspects of socioeconomic performance, in order to understand contextual realities. From that, case studies were applied in three agroecosystems, inserted in the northeast region of Brazil. The data were obtained through interactional methods and systematic observations, with active participation of farmers. From the evidence of the empirical study, it was possible to observe singular agricultural contexts, with few financial resources and several environmental and structural challenges. Finally, the approaches that seek to understand the reality of farmers, pointing out socioeconomic indicators and livelihood strategies, demonstrate that these can be a basis for efficient action by organizations and public policies to promote sustainable agriculture. As a theoretical contribution, the advance of knowledge stands out from the integration of performance indicators in the analysis of family farming based on agroecology, considering the socioeconomic reality. Among practical contributions, the research has the potential to help public managers and organizations related to agroecological production to outline policies and actions aimed at encouraging and strengthening sustainable agriculture.