Estudo microclimático em pontos representativos da malha urbana da cidade de João Pessoa/PB: uma avaliação do campo térmico

Abstract

The changes in the use and land cover in urban areas have provided a series of changes in urban thermal field of these environments with diverse impacts: formation of heat islands, rising average temperatures, reduced relative humidity and thermal discomfort. The different forms of land use and cover, with its coating materials, exert significant influences on the formation of urban climate and consequently on the quality of life of living people in these areas. Thus, it is within this context that this paper is presented with the aim of evaluating the principal urban thermal field in four representative points of the urban mesh of the city of João Pessoa \ PB. The research also seeks to assess the formation and intensity of the urban heat islands that occur in these representative points of the intra-urban space of the city of João Pessoa \ PB. For the research was initially done a literature about the topic in question and the study area. To collect data on temperature and relative humidity were used thermo Hygrometers (HOBOS - U10) installed in the experimental samples (Mata do Buraquinho; Manaíra, Cabo Branco and Bancários) during the rainy season of 2012. Data were collected at intervals of one and one hour and subsequently processed and organized into an Excel spreadsheet. The analysis of use and land cover was based on nine classes according to the percentage of vegetation and soil covering material that was made through quantitative and qualitative methods, according to Santos (2011). The survey results indicate that the air temperature was higher in the experimental samples near the coastal strip, the point being located in the neighborhood of Manaíra, the most affected in its thermal field with the formation of larger heat islands and larger average temperatures air. The increasing urbanization of the city and the reduction of green areas in the coastal neighborhoods have contributed significantly to rising temperatures and reduced quality of life of the living population in these areas.