Encarceramento e violações de Direitos Humanos: Análises a partir de relatórios do Mecanismo Nacional de Prevenção e Combate a Tortura

Abstract

Brazil has the third-largest incarcerated population in the world, with 909,061 prisoners, according to the National Council of Justice (CNJ), trailing only the United States and China. Brazilian prisons are characterized by precarious conditions and systematic violations of human rights, emphasizing the urgent need to understand the experiences of incarcerated individuals, including cases of inhumane, cruel, and degrading treatment. Therefore, the research focuses on the necessity to comprehend the lives of inmates and analyze these violations, based on reports from the National Mechanism for the Prevention and Combat of Torture (MNPCT). It addresses the history of imprisonment and how criminal policies have contributed to overincarceration, disproportionately affecting the black population. The study also delves into human rights violations in the Brazilian penal system and the recognition of the State of Unconstitutionality. The research underscores the need for reforms in the penal system, including decarceration policies, a revision of drug laws, and a critical, socially committed approach to overcome entrenched state punitiveness and racism in Brazilian society.