A Toxina Botulínica Tipo A na prática clínica: semelhanças e divergências \

Abstract

Botulinum toxin type A is among the most potent biological toxins in nature. Discoveries about its utility ultimately led to the development of its therapeutic application in the 1970s when minuscule amounts of Botulinum Toxin were first used to correct ocular misalignment in strabismus. Currently, botulinum toxin is the most widely used protein for the treatment of autonomic dysfunctions, spasticity, and hyperkinetic movement disorders, particularly in the treatment of wrinkles in aesthetic procedures. In turn, laboratories are marketing Botulinum Toxin with specific features to improve its clinical efficacy, and new healthcare professionals are committed to acquiring qualifications for the application of Botulinum Toxin in their therapeutic approach, as well as incorporating methods specific to each medical field or indication. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the main differences among the leading brands of Type A Botulinum Toxin commercially available in Brazil and worldwide and highlight their convergent and divergent factors that contribute to the investigation of complications resulting from improper use. This work is an integrative literature review, using databases such as PubMed, Scielo, and CAPES Journals as sources, with descriptors in both Portuguese and English. It compiles the most recent studies on the topic and presents them in tables and/or graphs. According to the results obtained, it was observed that commercial formulations of Type A Botulinum Toxin have different dimensions, molecular weights, protein envelopes, storage methods, dilution, pharmacokinetic activity, and recommended administration doses. The units are specific to each toxin and express singular potency units in each preparation. Thus, evidence suggests that the different technical specifications of the Botox®, Dysport® and Xeomin® formulations conventionally used have a greater impact clinically