Levantamento fitossociológico de plantas espontâneas associadas as condições de solo no brejo paraibano

Abstract

Wild plants occur in rural cultivated and pasture areas, and in urban areas throughout the world. They are also known as weeds and some species are bioindicators of soil conditions. Therefore, they are not entirely undesirable in many environments. The objective of this study was to carry out a phytosociological survey of spontaneous plants associated with soil conditions in an agroecological corn crop in the municipality of Bananeiras-PB. The research was conducted in the field, using quantitative experimental analyses. The samples were taken using the inventory square method, which was randomly placed at various points in the area. Soil samples were taken from the area at a depth of 0.0-20.0 cm to obtain chemical and physical analyses. All spontaneous plants that were within the square were collected, counted, identified and dried to obtain a constant mass. Phytosociological calculations were also carried out. Four species of spontaneous plants were identified in the study area, belonging to four botanical families and four genera. There was a predominance of Cyperus rotundus L. over the others in the study area. The species Commelina benghalensis L. had the second highest occurrence, however, its occurrence was lower compared to C. rotundus. The soil had good levels of organic matter, calcareous pH, balance between nutrients and a sandy loam texture.