Os anos iniciais do ensino fundamental e a apropriação da linguagem escrita: desafios e possibilidades

Abstract

This study's main objective was to analyze the challenges encountered in the literacy process of children enrolled in the early years of elementary school at a municipal school. In this way, we seek to understand the process of appropriating written language for the Historical-Cultural Theory and how the concrete living conditions of children in the Early Years of Elementary School can influence the literacy process. This is, therefore, a qualitative research approach, based on experiences lived in the years 2022 and 2023 in a municipal school in João Pessoa – PB. The importance of this study is based on the need for the teacher in training to understand the process of appropriating writing, reflecting on children's development and learning. Through our observations, we found that, although regularly enrolled in schools, a large number of children reach the age of nine and ten without being fully literate, a factor that negatively affects the way children see themselves in the environment in which they are inserted. . Therefore, we emphasize the need for education professionals to be aware of the general context in which children live, be it family, economic or social, as well as the educational environment that is being offered to these children, since, according to the Historical-Cultural Theory, its interaction with the environment and with others are directly related to the child's development. Furthermore, we also observed that the development of children's self-esteem, as well as the recognition of their interests, makes the process of appropriating written language more significant.