Pedagogia Concorrencial: uma crítica sobre o lugar estratégico da educação básica na produção de valores neoliberais

Abstract

This research presents an analysis of the neoliberal governmental techniques that have constituted the education of youngest people and seeks to understand what type of pedagogy is in force in Brazilian basic education and some possible consequences. To this end, we resorted to the history of political movements and articulations that culminated in what we now understand by neoliberalism, as well as the history of pedagogical ideas and political education in Brazil. Then, analysed some of the historical processes of national education, as well as of neoliberal rationality and the State's relationship with the market, we observe some of the elements that today compose national basic education, such as a culture of evaluation, the current use of “abridged textbook” (apostilamento) and programs of socioemotional education, which we call “education for entrance exams” (vestibularização). We observed then, that this process of “vestibularização” has allowed the principle of competition, essential to neoliberalism, also become an educational principle, which ends up reproducing and accentuating educational inequalities. Thus, we conclude that the type of formation current today in Brazilian basic education, occurs in the dissemination of values that are proper to the market and the neoliberal capitalist system, and has formed competitive individuals, and thus, in the absence of a theoretically constructed pedagogy that account of such reality, we call “Competitive Pedagogy” (Pedagogia Concorrencial).