Efeito dos espaçamentos entre plantas e fileiras sobre os componentes de produção do amendoim-BR 1

Abstract

The peanut is a leguminous plant belonging to the Fabaceae family, whose center of origin is South America. It is one of the oilseed crops that has gained the most space on the world stage, as it has stood out both in agribusiness and in scientific research and applications of technologies aimed at improving agricultural development. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of row and plant spacing and types of sowing on the production components of BR-1 peanuts. The experiment was conducted between April and August 2023, under field conditions in the city of Areia-PB, in the experimental area of UFPB, Campus II, on the Chã de Jardim farm. A randomized block design was used in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme, with four replications, totaling 24 plots. The treatments consisted of two plant spacings (0.10m with one seed per hole and 0.20m with two seeds per hole) and three row spacings (0.50m, 0.60m and 0.70m). In random samples of four plants per plot, the following production components were evaluated: plant height, number of pods per plant, weight of one hundred pods, percentage of shriveled pods, percentage of perfect seeds and productivity. Only the number of pods per plant and yield were significant at 5% probability using the F test. In absolute terms, the highest number of pods per plant (33.40un) was obtained at spacings of 0.60m between rows and 0.20m between plants and the highest absolute yield (1,369.27 Kg/Há-1) was obtained at spacings of 0.60m and 0.10m. The average values obtained in the treatments in which the 0.10m plant spacing was used, with one seed per hole, suggest that it should be recommended in the conditions of the municipality of Areia - PB. In general, the low temperatures and rainfall above the cultivar's water requirements during the experiment may have contributed to the non-significance of most of the treatments on the production components.