Neoplasmas em ruminantes diagnosticados no agreste da Paraíba

Abstract

Retrospective studies are extremely important for the scientific knowledge of the conditions and fundamentals of the diseases that affect animals. Allied with this, they contribute to the clarification and advancement of therapeutic, preventive, control, and animal welfare research. Neoplasms are diseases that affect all production animals, due to the lifespan of these animals, tumor or neoplastic appearance is not very noticeable among these species or has low levels of scientific dissemination. Neoplasms are among the main conditions reported in the veterinary medical routine; however, studies that aim to characterize the diagnosis in production species are still incipient in Northeast Brazil. Thus, the objective of this dissertation was to describe the frequency of neoplasms in ruminants diagnosed at the Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology of the Federal University of Paraíba-UFPB, during the period of eight years (2013 to 2021). Necropsy and biopsy records of a total of 2,399 specimens were reviewed. In the study, 47 (1.95%) neoplasms were recorded in ruminants. Of the 47 cases, 41 (87.23%) were in cattle, 3 (6.38%) in sheep, and 3 (6.38%) in goats. The animals were divided into young (up to 2 years old), adults (2 to 7 years old), and senile (over 7 years old). The cattle breeds reported in the study were SRD or Mestiça (28/41), Holstein (4/41) Girolando (4/41), Nellore (3/41), Jersey (1/41), and Red Angus (1/41). The affected sheep breeds were Santa Inês (2/3) and Dopper (1/3), in the goat species two breeds were affected, the Mestiça (2/3) and the Saanem (1/3). The bovine species were the most affected with neoplasms, especially squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), accounting for 21 of the 41 cases, also affecting all cases in sheep (3/3) and 1/3 of goats. that affected all species. In addition to SCC, other neoplasms that have been diagnosed include melanoma, sebaceous carcinoma, and tumors such as papilloma. This is the first study that addresses neoplasms in ruminants in the Agreste region of Paraíba. The series reported here draws attention to the underdiagnosis of tumors in cattle, goats, and sheep and reflects the need for greater attention to the evaluation of neo formations in these species.