Utilização de materiais manipulativos no ensino de poliedros: uma sequência didática a partir da abordagem de um livro didático de matemática do 7º ano do ensino fundamental

Abstract

This work had the goal of proposing a didactic sequence contemplating the content of Polyhedra using manipulative materials, in consonance with the approaches presented in Souza and Pataro’s (2015) Mathematics book of 7th year of Elementary School. In the search we verified the orientations of official documents and studies realized in the Mathematic Education area for the teaching of Geometry. The research developed is of explanatory nature and characterized by o documental study, since it aimed to analyze the approaches presented in the didactic book of 7th year, which is accurately used by the Mathematics teachers in the municipal and state schools of the city of Jacaraú – PB, in order to understand how the content of Polyhedra has been exposed in this book. From the analysis carried out in the didactic book and from the suggestions presented in official documents and researches for the teaching of Geometry, we used for the didactic sequence the concrete materials that are coherent with the taught content. The proposal presented in the didactic sequence sought to work the content of Prisms and Pyramids using polyhedron made with straws, besides the packings of different products in the shape of prisms and pyramids in a way of providing the students the opportunity of handling, comparing, visualizing and stablishing relations between the existent elements in Polyhedra (polygons of faces, number of vertices, faces and edges) in order to build and consolidate the concepts of Prism and Pyramid. The didactic sequence creates opportunities for the pupils to make their own concrete materials using straws in the making of polyhedra. With this work, we intend to enable the teachers to see that they can strengthen the approaches present in didactic books for the teaching of Geometry in conjunction with concrete materials contributing for the process of the learning of geometric concepts.