Alfabetização de jovens, adultos e idosos: a implementação do Projeto Alfabetização Social Voluntária no município de João Pessoa

Abstract

This study analyzed the implementation and functioning of the Voluntary Social Literacy Project of the City Hall of João Pessoa – PB, focusing on the following central objectives: reflecting on the concepts of literacy and literacies in the education of young people, adults, and the elderly; historicizing the education of young people and adults in Brazil; and characterizing the Voluntary Social Literacy Project, highlighting its potential contributions to Adult Education (EJA) in the city of João Pessoa. The study first addressed the concepts of literacy and literacies, based on the theoretical contributions of Paulo Freire (2011), Magda Soares (2015) e Suzana Schwartz (2024). Next, it examined the trajectory of literacy programs implemented since the 1960s: CEPLAR, Cruzada ABC, MOBRAL, Programa Alfabetização Solidária, and Programa Brasil Alfabetizado, contextualizing them in their historical periods and government administrations. In addition to the theoretical review, the study analyzed the insertion of the Voluntary Social Literacy Project into the context of adult education in João Pessoa. The methodological approach of this work was based on qualitative research, using documentary research procedures. The project, which operates in non-school spaces such as associations and community centers, was discussed from its creation, through the challenges faced during its implementation, to its contributions to education in the city. The study concludes that, despite the difficulties, the project significantly contributes to the advancement of literacy in João Pessoa, reinforcing the importance of community initiatives and public policies focused on EJA as instruments of social transformation and inclusion of historically marginalized populations.