O Direito humano à alimentação adequada no contexto da segurança alimentar e nutricional no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

Food is more than the simple act of eating food to supply each cell in our body with nutrients. It is the act of guaranteeing life, it is an inherent right of every person, or it should be. Thus, the human right to adequate food and food and nutritional security are intertwined in favor of a dignified life. Unfortunately, millions of people in our country do not have this right in practice. The present study seeks to carry out an integrative review on the topic of food and nutritional insecurity in Brazil in the last decade. After searching the literature, we came up with ten studies to compose this work, two systematic reviews, two qualitative research, one integrative review, one longitudinal study, two cross-sectional studies, one narrative review and one case study. This survey revealed that there have been advances and setbacks in the country in relation to food and nutritional insecurity in the last decade. As advances, we can highlight the growing recognition of the importance of food and nutritional security as a fundamental human right due to the increased visibility of the topic, especially in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to initiatives to support family farming and the expansion of social income transfer programs with the aim of reducing food and nutritional insecurity among the most vulnerable populations. Setbacks include the worsening of food insecurity during the aforementioned pandemic, the increase in unemployment, the reduction in family income and structural inequalities in our society. Therefore, as it is a multifaceted and complex problem, it is important for the Public Power and civil society to intensify and join efforts to face the challenges that persist to guarantee the human right to adequate food for all people in our country.