PERFIL DOS PRINCIPAIS MARCADORES INFLAMATÓRIOS NOS TRANSTORNOS DE HUMOR : UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Abstract

Mood disorders, such as major depression and bipolar disorder, profoundly impact the lives of millions globally, leading to significant socioeconomic consequences. While various theories attempt to explain their etiologies, recent evidence links the activation of the immune-inflammatory system to these disorders, providing a renewed perspective on their origins. OBJECTIVE: This study conducted a literature review aiming to elucidate current findings regarding the influence of inflammatory processes on the development and course of these psychiatric conditions, with the purpose of comparing the inflammatory profiles of the two main mood disorders. METHODS: The algorithm "major depression", "bipolar disorder", "biomarkers", "cytokines", and "comparison OR difference OR discriminate" was applied on the PubMed and Scopus platforms. Subsequently, publications from the period between 2012 and 2023 fitting the research design were selected. RESULTS: Ten articles were identified that studied the inflammatory biomarker profiles in patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with mood disorders display elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, especially those with bipolar disorder. The disease stage influences the inflammatory profile, and factors such as comorbidities, substance abuse, and medication use affect this response. Although there is promising evidence in differentiating the disorders, establishing a standard inflammatory profile proves challenging due to variations in the studies. Thus, it's evident that further research is necessary to understand the inflammatory mechanisms in mood disorders, aiming for new therapeutic approaches.