Habitação social e flexibilidade: Ensaio projetual para a Comunidade São Rafael, João Pessoa – PB

Abstract

Understanding that the history of Social Interest Housing (HIS) in Brazil is surrounded by issues, including the construction of low-quality housing, distant from areas with infrastructure, under aspects that prioritize quantity (massification, standardization, and project rigidity) as well as the need to meet housing shortages through self-construction, emphasizes the importance of addressing housing issues as a priority. The study focused on the São Rafael community in João Pessoa - PB and aimed to develop a design essay of HIS capable of providing dignified and flexible housing to the population currently living in conditions of socio-environmental vulnerability. In this regard, the needs of the residents, physical characteristics of the terrain and plot were respected, as well as the careful choice of a plot close to the established community, in an area integrated with the city and with available infrastructure. The methodological procedures included bibliographic research, documentary research, community analysis, and design proposition. As a result, blocks were obtained with implantation guided by the topography of the terrain and the context of the surroundings; Housing units with solutions aimed at architectural quality, application of flexibility through different typologies enabled by pre-established modulations, and structural and shafts compatibility, and the creation of a central square that appropriates the unevenness and emphasizes the concept of neighborhood and belonging, opportunities for leisure and experience. In other words, economic and viable solutions were prioritized without losing aesthetic character, highlighting the possibility of uniting quality and quantity in order to provide better living conditions.