A utilização de geossintéticos na proteção de zonas costeiras, uma revisão bibliográfica dos últimos quinze anos

Abstract

Coastal zones are areas of interaction between land and sea, with increasing urban occupation and erosion risks. Erosion degrades soil due to the action of natural and anthropogenic agents, requiring mitigation strategies. Among the solutions, geosynthetics, polymeric materials that improve the stability of soil and coastal structures, stand out. The general objective is to investigate how the application of geosynthetic materials can improve the conditions for protecting coastal zones against erosion. The methodology adopted for this work was exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, carried out through a bibliographic review. As a result, coastal areas have complex dynamics, influenced by urbanization and erosion. Geosynthetics emerge as an effective solution, offering soil resistance and replacing conventional materials. The study analyzed their impact, highlighting their predominant application in tourist and fishing areas. Geosynthetics reduce erosion and environmental impact, but their economic viability still requires further research. Their technical and operational advantages are evident, making them promising for technological development and sustainable coastal protection.