A aplicação de geossintéticos para a estabilização de Taludes: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

The stability of slopes is one of the main concerns in civil engineering projects, especially in works involving soil cuts, embankments, highways, dams, and areas susceptible to mass movements. This study aimed to analyze the application of geosynthetics for slope stabilization through a literature review, gathering theoretical concepts, experimental results, and case studies in order to assess the technical efficiency, functions, and advantages of these materials. The research considered the behavior of both natural and artificial slopes, their main causes of instability, and the most common failure mechanisms. Among the analyzed materials, geotextiles, geogrids, geomats, and geocomposites were highlighted, each performing specific roles such as separation, reinforcement, protection, drainage, filtration, and erosion control. The results observed in the reviewed literature show that the use of geosynthetics significantly increases the safety factor of slopes, reduces excessive deformations, minimizes soil particle displacement, and enables the construction of more economical, durable, and sustainable structures. The study also revealed that geosynthetics offer easy installation, reduce the need for conventional materials, and allow adjustments to various geotechnical conditions. Therefore, their application is recommended not only for their structural efficiency but also for their positive environmental impact. It is concluded that geosynthetics represent an innovative and advantageous solution for geotechnical engineering, becoming essential in projects that seek safety, technical performance, and environmental sustainability in modern construction processes.