Mudança de regime de tributação nos planos de previdência privada (VGBL E PGBL) após a implementação da Lei n° 14.803/2024

Abstract

Law No. 14,803/2024 introduced changes to private pension plans, especially VGBL and PGBL plans, by making the timing of the choice of the taxation regime more flexible. With this law, participants can now choose between the progressive and regressive tax regimes at the time of the first withdrawal or benefit receipt, instead of at the time of enrollment. This change allows for more strategic decisions, considering factors such as investment duration, accumulated income, and type of contribution. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the impact of the change in the taxation regime on private pension plans (VGBL and PGBL) after the implementation of Law No. 14,803/2024, on the participant's tax benefit. For this purpose, a Scenario Analysis model was developed to compare tax impacts between different private pension modalities, using simulations in the R language. The results show that for a full withdrawal after 10 years, the regressive regime (10% rate) resulted in lower taxation than the progressive regime, which reached the maximum rate of 27.5% in the simulation. For monthly withdrawals, the tax amount under the regressive regime was also lower than under the progressive regime, due to the lower rate and the maintenance of the tax benefit over time. The progressive regime showed a higher tax burden when applied to high withdrawals, both in VGBL and PGBL. The simulation with PGBL showed an additional advantage in the progressive regime only when considering the deduction of up to 12% of income in the complete tax return. Thus, it can be concluded that the impact of the change in the taxation regime on private pension plans depends on the context in which the participant is, and factors such as income and contribution time should be considered. Therefore, scenario simulations can assist the investor's decision-making.