A educação de jovens e adultos na EMEF em tempo integral ministro José Américo de Almeida (João Pessoa - PB): um estudo de caso

Abstract

Literacy forms the foundation of a constructive education, serving as a cornerstone for the development of reading, writing, and communication skills. In a world marked by prejudice and inequality, individuals with low literacy levels often face social exclusion, limited access to basic rights, and fewer professional and personal opportunities. This study aims to investigate the challenges faced by students enrolled in Cycles II and III of Youth and Adult Education (EJA) at José Américo de Almeida Municipal School, located in João Pessoa, Paraíba, during the period from 2022 to 2024. The specific objectives are: to reflect on teaching practices and their challenges in EJA Cycles II and III; to identify the factors that influence the retention of young and adult learners in these cycles; and to analyze quantitative enrollment data in the EJA program at José Américo School, highlighting patterns and trends from 2022 to 2024. The research adopted a qualitative-quantitative approach, employing document analysis, interviews with students and teachers, and oral history. The target audience consisted of EJA students in Cycles II and III, as well as teachers working in these cycles. The data collected were interpreted based on the theoretical framework adopted in this study. The findings reveal that, although EJA is supported by public policies and various pedagogical projects, this mode of education still faces significant challenges such as school dropout, inadequate infrastructure, the increasing presence of younger students, and a shortage of specialized professionals. According to the students’ narratives, their primary motivation for returning to school lies in the pursuit of better living conditions. Educators, in turn, emphasized the importance of pedagogical practices aligned with the realities of the learners. In conclusion, despite notable progress and a decline in illiteracy rates, many persistent challenges continue to undermine the right to education for young people and adults.