DISPOSITIVO INTRAUTERINO (DIU) NO PÓS-PARTO IMEDIATO E PÓS-ABORTAMENTO: PERFIL SOCIODEMOGRÁFICO DAS MULHERES ABORDADAS PARA INSERÇÃO DO DIU DE COBRE, EM UM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO

Abstract

This is a prospective, descriptive and observational study, carried out at a University Hospital in Paraíba. Objective: to outline sociodemographic, obstetric and gynecological aspects of women approached for insertion of the Intrauterine Device (IUD) in the immediate postpartum period, aiming to improve reproductive family planning. Method: 219 women were interviewed, in the peripartum or postpartum period, with standardized interviews using IUD adherence and non-adherence forms. Data were analyzed using Jamovi© software, version 2.3.28. Descriptive statistics were used to describe maternal characteristics such as age, parity, level of education and knowledge about the IUD. Categorical variables were described by absolute and relative frequency. The chi-square test was applied to evaluate the association between qualitative variables, and Fisher's exact test was adopted when the respective prerequisites were not met. Results: The study evaluated a total of 219 women, of whom 94 (42.9%) adhered to the IUD and 125 (57.1%) did not adhere to the method. There was a statistically significant association between family income and adherence to the method (p < 0.001), which was not observed with the other sociodemographic variables evaluated. There was a statistically significant association between adherence to the IUD and previous knowledge about the IUD (p < 0.001), previous use of the IUD (p = 0.042), time of use of contraceptive methods (p = 0.010) and number of contraceptive methods previously known (p = 0.006) or used (p < 0.001). Of the ninety-four patients in the IUD group, the predominant profile was women aged between 15 and 35 years, with a family income of between 1 and 3 minimum wages, who had completed high school, were in a stable relationship, and were brown. Regarding gynecological data, the predominant profile was multiparous women, with a regular menstrual cycle, previous dysmenorrhea, and no previous sexually transmitted infections. Conclusion: The postpartum family planning policy has important repercussions on the health of women and children, and therefore, there is a need for greater education regarding the choice of the IUD as a contraceptive method. New studies are needed to evaluate the continued use of the device when inserted in a hospital environment and the impact of prenatal counseling on adherence to the method. Further studies are also needed to elucidate the reasons for acceptance and refusal in specific groups, such as nulliparous women and adolescents.