A importância da eficiência e segurança no projeto elétrico residencial: aspectos técnicos e econômicos

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the importance of efficiency and safety in residential electrical design, considering the technical and economic aspects involved in the design and execution of these installations. The research highlights the need to ensure that electrical installations are designed and installed in accordance with strict technical standards, using safety devices such as circuit breakers, residual current devices (RCDs) and surge protection devices (SPDs). These elements are crucial to prevent accidents such as short circuits, electric shocks and fires, ensuring the safety of residents and the preservation of property. In addition, the study emphasizes the relevance of energy efficiency, which aims to reduce energy consumption through modern practices and technologies, such as the adoption of LED lamps, energy efficiency-certified equipment and suitable electrical conductors. The use of such solutions promotes not only financial savings, but also contributes to environmental sustainability, reducing energy waste. The research methodology included a bibliographical analysis of devices and standards related to electrical safety and efficiency, in addition to an applied survey with 53 participants, to assess the level of knowledge and application of these practices in homes. The results showed that, although there is a growing awareness of the importance of electrical safety, the use of advanced devices, such as DR and DPS, is still relatively low. On the other hand, energy efficiency practices, such as the use of LED lamps, are widespread, but the adoption of more advanced solutions encounters barriers, such as high initial costs and the lack of accessible technical information. It is concluded that the integration of safety and energy efficiency measures in residential electrical design is essential to ensure safer and more economically advantageous installations. At the same time, there is a clear need for economic incentives and educational campaigns to promote the adoption of these practices on a large scale, in order to improve the quality and safety of residential installations, in addition to generating long-term economic and environmental benefits.