Condutividade térmica dos novos compósitos à base de gesso: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

The need to provide environments with better thermal comfort and reduce the impacts of global warming on the planet leads engineering in the construction sector to develop and use new composites with thermal properties superior to their individual materials currently used. Plaster acts as a suitable base for these composites, as it is widely used in construction, with large quantities in exploitation, allowing for low energy use in its production compared to other major construction materials, and possessing good thermal properties. Thus, this work aimed to understand and discuss the reasons for the alteration of the thermal properties of plaster through a systematic review and propose alternatives to mitigate the negative effects of these changes on thermal comfort. The results from the articles showed that more porous additives, with lower density than plaster, were able to reduce the thermal conductivity of the new composites, hindering heat transfer and generating better thermal comfort for the environment. However, few studies still have relevance and impact on practically altering the use of these materials. As a suggestion, the development of research with materials from construction waste with high porosity, greater than plaster, is recommended to decrease the thermal conductivity of the new composite. In conclusion, materials such as wood waste, plastic, cellulose acetate fibers, wood chips, straw, doum palm fibers, EPS and XPS, and phase change materials can, when introduced into plaster, provide mortar with better thermal properties.