Desenvolvimento de sistema de produção de biogás para uma unidade rural produtora de leite bovino utilizando esterco bovino como substrato

Abstract

Nowadays, there is an increasing amount of research into the search for new renewable energy sources. In Brazil, although the main source of electricity is hydroelectric, this is not proving to be the solution. The objective of this work is to present a biogas production chain model for a dairy in the state of Paraíba with 12 animals. The research begins with tests for the energetic evaluation of bovine manure, presenting drying and carbonization tests to define the volatile solids and fixed carbon content, following the NBR 8112 methodology. Based on this validation, the paper presents the modeling of a Canadian model biodigester for application at the study site, defining feeding parameters, volume and hydraulic retention time. In order to carry out validations, two biodigester models were built for generation at the Sustainable Energy Laboratory of the Federal University of Paraíba. Through energy analysis, a value of 91.38% fixed carbon was obtained, thus affirming bovine manure as an energy solution. After testing the biogas generated in the laboratory with a thermal camera that showed favorable temperatures for microorganisms in the methanogenesis phase, as well as the flame test, it was possible to see a high methane content in the mixture. The results show a monthly electricity generation of 969 KW, based on a monthly biogas generation of 353 m3. An economic analysis of the system shows a financial return in 26 months. The system developed is modular and can be implemented with other types of substrates.