Big data e tomada de decisão no sistema internacional: uma revisão sistemática da literatura

Abstract

This undergraduate thesis presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on the use of Big Data in International Relations. The aim is to identify how academic production in International Relations has addressed the subject, considering theoretical, methodological, and substantive approaches. The research followed the PRISMA protocol, with searches in Scopus and Web of Science databases between 2010 and 2025, resulting in 44 selected studies. Findings indicate a growth in publications since 2015, concentrated in English-language journals and Global North institutions, particularly the United States, Europe, with notable contributions also from China. The literature is structured into seven axes: digital diplomacy, international security, data governance, geopolitics and cooperation, public opinion and media, trade and political economy, and ethics and artificial intelligence. Technocentric and quantitative approaches predominate, while qualitative analyses highlight ethical and normative implications. The review concludes that the field remains fragmented, with gaps regarding non-state actors, asymmetries between countries, and methodological integration. This study contributes by systematizing the state of the art and outlining future research agendas.