A escola enquanto organização educacional para inclusão social e construção de aprendizagens : uma análise de práticas educativas inclusivas em escolas do município de Santa Rita-PB

Abstract

Educational organizations have a responsibility to promote social inclusion in order to meet the needs of diversity and eliminate the exclusion of people who have been denied the right to education throughout history. Inclusive education embraces differences and creates a model of society that is fair to all, guaranteeing the right to construct learning. This implies important reflections on the political and social role of education and the understanding of the need for inclusive educational practices that value skills and potential, and that perceive students as capable of constructing and acting in the world. This dissertation addresses the research question of how educational practices are being implemented in schools in the municipality of Santa Rita, Paraíba, for the inclusion and development of learning among students with disabilities. The overall objective is to analyze educational practices in educational organizations in the municipality of Santa Rita, Paraíba, for the social inclusion and development of learning among students with disabilities, based on theories and policies that guide inclusion practices. Some scientific materials, policies, and documents that were used in the theoretical support of the research: Federal Constitution of 1988, National Policies for Inclusive Education; Mantoan (2003), Diniz (2012), among others, considering the importance of quality education for all. Regarding the methodological procedures, this dissertation has a qualitative and quantitative approach, supported by descriptive research and field research. For data construction and analysis, field research was carried out to survey experiences, perceptions of teachers, supervisors, managers and educational practices for inclusion and construction of learning through a questionnaire. The research subjects consisted of samples of 14 participants, being 2 managers, 2 supervisors and 10 Basic Education I Teachers, who work with classes from first to fifth grade, with experience with students with disabilities. The participation of the research subjects was relevant to provide information on inclusive practices in schools in the city of Santa Rita-Paraíba. The results allowed the construction of an educational product: Interactive Booklet Significant Inclusive Practices: An Embrace of Diversity, aimed at disseminating practices, inclusive activities experienced with students with disabilities in Elementary School. It was concluded that inclusive educational practices have been carried out in educational organizations in the Municipality of Santa Rita, with significant activities that have contributed to learning and the inclusion of students with disabilities who attend elementary school. However, based on the research subjects' comments, it was found that there is a need for more training that addresses the issue of inclusion, as well as support with teaching materials and a school environment that is increasingly conducive to serving students.