Análise técnico-comparativa da segurança de barragens públicas na Paraíba: um estudo com base nos Relatórios de Inspeção (ISR/2024)

Abstract

This study analyzes the conservation status of five public dams in Paraíba, Brazil: Mãe D’Água, Estevam Marinho, São Gonçalo, Curimataú, and Engenheiro Ávidos, based on the 2024 Regular Safety Inspection (RSI) Reports prepared by DNOCS. The research, of documentary and comparative nature, adopted the Hazard Level as an evaluation parameter, in accordance with the National Dam Safety Policy (Law No. 12,334/2010), updated by Law No. 14,066/2020 and regulated by ANA Resolutions No. 236/2017, 121/2022, and 231/2024. The results showed that all dams were classified at Hazard Level 1 (Attention), presenting médium magnitude (M) anomalies, that is, médium scale problems with no apparent evolution, requiring regular monitoring and maintenance to prevent worsening. The most recurrent anomalies were invasive vegetation, drainage problems, lack or failure of instrumentation, cracks, and erosions, aggravated by the advanced age of the structures, all over 70 years old. Another relevant issue was the absence of fencing in some dams, allowing animal access to protection areas, which may compromise conservation. In addition to identifying these anomalies, the study proposes an action plan with recommendations focused on preventive maintenance, monitoring, and improvement of dam safety. These measures aim to strengthen structural conservation and ensure the protection of the population, the environment, and water resources in the semi arid region of Paraíba.