Estudo de caso: utilização do sistema de painéis monolíticos em EPS como alternativa ao sistema tradicional de construção em concreto armado e alvenaria.

Abstract

This article presents a case study on the use of monolithic expanded polystyrene (EPS) panels as an alternative to traditional reinforced concrete and masonry construction systems. The main objective was to qualitatively analyze the system, identifying the stages of the construction process most susceptible to failures that could compromise the structural and functional performance of the building, as well as to evaluate its advantages and disadvantages in terms of performance and sustainability.The methodology adopted consisted of directly monitoring the construction of a high-end single-family residence. Photographic records, field diaries, and systematic observations of the construction stages were collected, allowing for the technical characterization of the system, the analysis of the execution conditions, and the comparison with the usual practices of the conventional system.The results pointed to significant limitations in the foundation, installation, mortar, and prestressed slab stages, which were highly complex. On the other hand, the assembly of EPS panels presented relevant advantages, such as speed, lightness, waste reduction, and low resource consumption, in addition to the rapid adaptation of the workforce. The installation phases demonstrated ease of execution. Finally, prestressed slabs represented schedule gains, in addition to other aspects that will be mentioned throughout the study.It is concluded that the monolithic EPS system has competitive potential as a sustainable and efficient alternative, but its practical application depends directly on adequate planning, skilled labor, and the use of appropriate equipment. The absence of these factors compromised the quality and productivity observed in the study. For future research, we recommend analyzing pathologies in buildings completed with the system, conducting financial feasibility studies in high-end construction projects, and investigating thermoacoustic performance in order to broaden the understanding of its applicability in the context of Brazilian civil construction.