Território das quebradeiras de coco babaçu: direitos territoriais e regularização fundiária na Comunidade Centrinho do Acrísio, Lago do Junco, Maranhão

Abstract

The 1988 Federal Constitution prescribed legal recognition of the diversity of traditional peoples and communities existing in Brazil and their various ways of creating, doing things and living, as have other national and international legal instruments, such as Convention 169 of the International Labor Organization, which has been ratified in the country. The recognition of traditional territories, as spaces where these ways of life are manifested, has various forms of land regularization and agrarian reform modalities at its disposal, but they don't always correspond to the specificities of the territorialities of social groups. The thesis problematizes the elements of the specific territoriality of a community of babassu coconut breakers based on the social and legal practices and power relations established in the Centrinho do Acrísio Community, Lago do Junco, State of Maranhão. By following the process of community discussion, it was possible to reflect on a proposal for land regularization based on these elements. In order to perceive and understand these specificities and practices of the social group, semi-structured interviews were used, triangulated with ethnographic data obtained from participant observation and workshops, within the methodological perspective of action research. Based on the political notion of the body-territory, the results of the research showed that in the relationship between gender and power, the meaning of the use and configuration of the territory is given by the social and legal practices of the babassu coconut breakers. However, contradictorily, there was little participation by these women in the process of community discussion on the regularization of the community's land. As the process of community discussion about a new model of land regularization remains unfinished in the face of the community's mobilization against the real threats posed by economic projects vying for its territory, the intention is to resume this discussion with the mobilization for the effective participation of the breakers in this process.