Estratégia alimentar com restrição de tempo para redução de peso e gordura corporal: uma revisão de escopo

Abstract

Obesity is a global public health problem associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Controlling body weight is essential for the prevention and management of these conditions, and several dietary strategies have been investigated for this purpose. Among them, time-restricted eating (TRE) has been studied for weight and body fat reduction. This study aimed to discuss the effectiveness of TRE in relation to daily calorie restriction (DCR) for weight and body fat reduction. This is a scoping review, conducted following the PRISMA-ScR protocol and the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) strategy. Studies published between 2019 and 2025, with overweight adults and elderly individuals, were included. The search was carried out in the BVS, PUBMED, and Science Direct databases, using descriptors such as "time-restricted eating", "obesity", "overweight", "body composition", and "weight loss". A total of 5,922 articles were found. After screening, exclusion of duplicates and application of the eligibility criteria, 14 articles were selected to compose the present review, including randomized clinical trials, pilot studies and secondary analyses of randomized clinical trials. The interventions ranged from 10 days to 12 months and in total, 784 individuals were evaluated. The TRE strategy proved to be effective in reducing weight and body fat, especially when associated with DCR. Most studies did not find significant differences in weight or body fat reduction between TRE and DCR. Other metabolic benefits were also associated with TRE, such as improvement in glycemic and lipid parameters. The results indicate that the effectiveness of TRE in reducing weight measurements depends on the methodology applied, the duration of the intervention and the parameters analyzed.