Urbano, cruel e intolerante: relações entre padrões espaciais e concentração de crimes de ódio em João Pessoa, PB

Abstract

This paper discusses the relationship between the physical characteristics of urban and architectural space and the presence of violent behavior, considering racist and/or LGBTphobic hate crimes. It aims to understand the relationship between the physical aspects of space and the occurrence of discriminatory acts, based on the characterization of areas with the highest density of mapped hate crimes. To this end, it adopts a qualitative-quantitative approach, proposing density estimation interpolation (kernel heatmap) as the central method, combined with the use of urban, road, and architectural models for analyzing urban form and dynamics. Spatial data geoprocessing and phenomenological investigations are used as auxiliary techniques, linking their use to the spatialization of Police Investigations (IPs) and Detailed Incident Reports (TCOs) from 2019 to 2023, employed as comparative variables to the survey of hate crimes via a public questionnaire. As a result, a dataset was produced that systematizes the patterns of hate violence in João Pessoa, highlighting the most critical areas in terms of the concentration of the phenomenon, spatialization trends based on typologies, and the underreporting of cases by institutional channels. A mapping of leisure and socialization spaces was also produced, highlighting the relationship between the sale of alcoholic beverages and violence, as well as the characterization of physical conditions in six areas of the city.