Levantamento florístico do Campus IV da Universidade Federal da Paraíba - PB

Abstract

Urban afforestation plays an important role in improving environmental quality, conserving biodiversity, and promoting human well-being. This study aimed to identify the plant species present at Campus IV of the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), located in the Mamanguape and Rio Tinto units. The survey was conducted from October 2022 to December 2025 through exploratory field walks, with species identification based on specialized literature and the Flora do Brasil database. A total of 129 species were recorded, distributed among 47 botanical families. The Rio Tinto unit presented 108 species, while Mamanguape recorded 68 species, with 49 species shared between both units. The families with the highest species richness were Fabaceae (12), Apocynaceae (10), and Araceae (9). Although 58% of the recorded species were exotic, 76% of the tree individuals were native. The Anacardiaceae family accounted for 37% of the tree individuals, and the cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) was the most abundant species, with 151 individuals. Additionally, 12 species endemic to Brazil, seven threatened species, and nine species shared with the Barra do Rio Mamanguape Environmental Protection Area were recorded, highlighting the importance of Campus IV for the conservation of regional flora and biodiversity.