O comércio bilateral do complexo de soja entre Brasil e China: uma análise desagregada usando indicadores do comércio exterior

Abstract

The present work aims to analyze the importance of bilateral trade between Brazil and China in the period from 2002 to 2013, with the soy complex and its derivatives as the basis of the study. In order to do so, it will have the aid of indicators, symmetrical comparative advantage index (IVCS), trade intensity (IIXC) and specialization index (B) that will be applied to the following products exported to China: Soybeans, crushed, Soybean oil and their fractions thereof, refined but not chemically modified, Soybean oil, crude, whether or not degummed, finally, Pie and other solid residues from the extraction of soybean oil. The data were taken from the Ministry of Development Industry and Foreign Trade (MDIC) through the Commercial Radar tool, and the United Nations (UN). The indicators show the advantages of Brazil in maintaining this relationship with the eastern country, given the increase in the export level of the grain. These products did not present absolute values for the most part and fluctuated in comparative advantages, Torta and other solid residues from the extraction of soybeans oil with the worst results. It became clear that even if China prefers the natural product, processing it in its country, it still imports manufactured goods form Brazilian soybeans, but on a much smaller scale than soybeans. Finally, it is in Brazil’s interest to improve its production of soybean disaggregation’s, to make it more competitive and appropriate to the market andm in this way, improve indexes and relations with China.