DINÂMICA SOCIOECONÔMICA NO NÚCLEO DE DESERTIFICAÇÃO DE GILBUÉS - PI

Abstract

The Desertification Nucleus of Gilbués located in the State of Piauí covers at least fifteen municipalities, and in seven (Gilbués, Riacho Frio, São Gonçalo do Gurguéia, Monte Alegre do Piauí, Redenção do Gurguéia, Corrente and Barreiras do Piauí) degradation reaches more than 45% of the area of each municipality. The study aimed to identify the economic dynamics and verify the economic and social indicators in the Desertification Nucleus of Gilbués-PI. From the Database National Institute of Semiarid - INSA, Ministry of Science and Technology - MCTI, Information and Knowledge Management System of the Brazilian Semi-Arid - SIGSAB Of the Database of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE, IBGE System of Automatic Recovery - SIDRA information was obtained with a focus directed to the rural dynamics. It presents a PIB originating mainly from the Public and Agricultural Services sectors, which leaves it fragile as the political and environmental conjunctures denoted in the comparative 2011 - 2015, a period of intense drought in the Northeast, with the reduction of herds of horses and goats; pigs and chickens and the production of cow's milk followed by hen's eggs, which, however, have had high prices. Were presented for temporary crops reduced sugar cane, rice in the husk, beans, manioc, broad bean, watermelon, oranges and larger losses of production value for rice in the husk, beans and oranges, however, the areas harvested from soybeans, coconut from the bay and values of soybean, manioc, baynut and cashew nut production were highlighted. Some municipalities presented significant reductions in the Poverty, Absolute Poverty and Gini indices, and an increase in per capita income, which, however, does not guarante a significant quality of life for the whole Nucleus. Even in an area of intense environmental degradation, there are significant bets on cattle breeding and soybean plantation, which can accelerate, if not rationally, the intensification of the process.