Um estudo sobre a viabilidade econômica da microgeração fotovoltaica residencial

Abstract

The photovoltaic energy scenario begins to gain prominence in Brazil in view of its high levels of solar exposure and the high price of electric energy. This scenario corroborates studies aimed at the dissemination of this innovative form of energy production, its importance for the environment by reducing negative impacts for the present and future generations, besides the advantage of allowing autonomy to the producer and, consequently, reduction of energy expenditures in the long term. The present work results from an exploratory research with the objective of showing the economic feasibility of residential production through the design of a solar compensation system connected to the conventional distribution network. It was used as a basic reference a residential photovoltaic system similar to that studied by Lossio (2015) and the electrical consumption data of a typical residence located in the downtown area of Santa Terezinha-PE. A market research was also necessary to delineate the components of the system, based on criteria for durability and the best price, and then to show results related to the return on invested capital through discounted payback, net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR). Satisfactory results of the return of the invested capital were verified, as well as a confirmation of the viability of the investment with a rate of return higher than the minimum attractiveness rate (TMA) considered. It was also possible to identify greater legal and financial opening in the Brazil as the government and society are interested in the development of new projects for the generation of energy by residential solar capture.