Potencial influência do uso e ocupação do solo na qualidade da água do rio Abiaí-PB.

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the activities surrounding the river Abiaí and their potential influence on water quality. The Abiaí river is located in the municipality of Pitimbu, south coast of Paraiba. The data of water quality indicators correspond to the period January 2000 to December 2011, and were analyzed and compared according to the parameters of the CONAMA Resolution 357/2005. The surveying and mapping of the use and occupation of the soil were carried out through observation and interpretation of satellite images. Were found two patterns of water: freshwater and brackish water. The water quality was determined as the concentration of pH, Thermotolerant Coliform, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Color, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Turbidity. The analysis of the data showed that the river presents changes with regard to physical, chemical and biological parameters. The use map and land cover shows replacement of native vegetation by planting cane sugar, presence of industries and rapid urban growth with little or no planning. This occupation supposedly is responsible for the variation of the parameters of water quality of the river Abiaí. In this way, Thus, the area needs an occupational and rational planning, in order to protect the waters of this river of contaminants to maintain water quality.