Avaliação dos fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em pacientes de um serviço de nutrição ambulatorial

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability in Brazil adjusted for age and throughout the world. Involve pathological changes of body blood vessels, mainly located in the heart. The risk factors for CVD are responsible for most of these deaths and account for interactions between genetic factors and lifestyle that can be supported by cultural and socioeconomic issues. Knowing the risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease is the first step in changing the population's lifestyle, subsidizing prevention. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in patients from an outpatient nutrition service. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study. The sample consisted of 53 patients of both sexes with no history of cardiovascular morbidity attended in an ambulatory nutrition service. For data collection was carried out a questionnaire to socioeconomic characteristics, clinical and lifestyle of patients and made anthropometric measurements. The collected data were used as parameters for the investigation of cardiovascular risk factors investigated were age from 45 years old, male, black, low education, low income and the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, Dyslipidemia, Obesity and full central, smoking, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity. According to the results, central obesity, sedentary lifestyle, family income lower than three minimum wages and age older than 45 years were the main risk factors, being affected by more than 60% of patients. Patients had an overweight frame and obesity by body mass Index (BMI) and abdominal obesity by Circumference waist and waist height ratio (CER) and inserted into the high risk category for heart disease. The relationship between the anthropometric indicators with the morbidities that characterized the risk factors, showed a significant relationship with BMI, but not with the ETS. In conclusion it was observed that patients have a high probability of developing cardiovascular disease over the next years by the high number of individual factors and associated cardiovascular risk present.