Avaliação de exposição de pescados a hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos na Baía de Guanabara Rio de Janeiro - Brasil

Abstract

The aim of this work was to evaluate the PAHs contamination in muscular tissue and bile of Mugil liza fishes from Guanabara Bay. The Guanabara Bay is an estuarine ecosystem with high anthropogenic influence which receives chronic pollution from Rio de Janeiro city. It was determined 38 compounds (16 PAHs EPA + alkylated ones) in muscular tissue samples of 41 fishes captured from August 2008 to October 2008. Statistical analyzes showed that the data concentration has a normal distribution and drawn from the same population, with mean concentration of 127 ng/g and standard deviation of 18 ng/g to the 16 PAHS EPA. The mean concentration for the 38 compounds was 274 ng/g and standard deviation of 59 ng/g. It was determinated 13 metabolites of PAHs of 30 Mugil liza fishes (n=30) captured in the inner part of the Guanabara Bay. The metabolites determined were OH-Naphthalenes, OH-Biphenyl, OH-Fluorene, OH-Phenantrenes, OH-Pyrene, OH-Chrysene, OH-Benz(a)pyrene. It was observed in this study a normal distribution of concentrations for both set of data: bile PAH metabolites and PAH muscular tissue. This indicates the existence of two data populations. The mean concentration of PAH metabolites obtained was 1,039 ng/g and standard deviation of 624 ng/g. These data can be used as back ground to the inner part of Guanabara Bay. The bioindicator in this study, Mugil liza fish, has shown to be effective to evaluate the contamination and exposition of Guanabara Bay ecosystem to PAH.