Aspectos jurídicos ambientais da exploração do petróleo na camada do pré-sal

Abstract

The approach portrayed in this dissertation talks about the relationship between the prospects for environmental sustainability and the economic growth in Brazil, from the exploration of oil in pre-salt layer, with a view to sustainable development. It aims to demonstrate that the prevention of damage to the environment currently is set as the most suitable resource to human development demonstrate that not necessarily the exploration and production of oil from in the layer of pre-salt will bring development to the country. For a better understanding and investigation of the topic is used the method of deductive approach, methods of historical procedure, interpretive and analytical, the technique of search of indirect documentation and the qualitative approach, in view of the social character inherent in the subject. To do so, describes initially a historical analysis of emergence of oil in the world and its exploitation by man, as well as checks the global economic dependency of this natural resource non-renewable. Point the rules governing the oil sector and environmental and demonstrates its omissions on failure in protecting the environment. Thereafter explains the challenges and complexity involved in oil exploration in the pre-salt layer and the risks that the activity generates to the environment, and in particular its contribution to the increase in global warming. Exposes that the protection and prevention of damage to the environment are related with human development, as follows from the analysis of the Human Development Report 2011, the UNDP (United Nations Development Programme), in order to show that, for a country increase its human development must take into account environmental sustainability and that in this sense, human development is not restricted to economic growth.