Adaptação da lista de verificação ergonômica da ILO: um estudo de caso em dois canteiros de obras de edificações verticais

Abstract

This paper proposes a ergonomic checklist for the Civil Construction Industry, which was adapted from the checklist of ILO (International Labour Organization) listed on the Ergonomic Checkpoints manual. The original list is presented as an important tool for identifying private ergonomic problems addressing 128 work-related interventions, but some conclusions limit their application in construction industry. Therefore, in order to adjust it to the reality of the industry, it was held a survey over two vertical residential-buildings construction sites owned by construction companies of the state of Paraíba, one being a small business work, located in the city of Patos, and the other a mid-sized one, located in the city of João Pessoa. During the research, it was made technical in situ visitations which allowed data collection through direct observation and photographic recording, and the achievement of a health and safety conditions of construction sites diagnosis, according to NR 18, and the ILO checklist application on activities of: plaster coating, electrical installations, hydro sanitary installations, mortar coating, window frames installation, cementation and texture on walls, iron framework, mortar preparation, iron structures painting, manufacture of wooden guardrails, frame vertical transport, unloading and transportation of rebar and installation of granite countertops. This set of actions allowed the achievement of the research general objective, the ergonomic checklist adapted to the ICC, with 76 points, representing a decrease of 40.63% on the addressed points, and the separation of convenience, welfare and work organization items. Finally, it is concluded that the proposed list can be used on ICC, as a simple, easy handling tool that enables rapid decision-making at short-term, serving as a prevention tool to preferentially integrate a Health and Workplace Safety Management System that seeks continuous improvement with the end of reducing accidents and improving the working conditions, the environment and the life quality of construction workers.