Temporalidade e facticidade: a vida cristã primitiva no jovem Heidegger

Abstract

How the interpretation of early Christian life was able to free the experience of temporality? That‟s the question which guides this dissertation. According to our hypothesis, the concrete phenomenon of religious life sets the thread by which Heidegger may establish a systematic determination of the constitutive structures of existential analytics. The phenomenological analysis of early Christian life will be decisive for what is at stake with the notion of facticity, namely to carry out the Kantian transcendental problematic as a way to open the original dimension of temporality. Many influences were important for the development and for the results attained with the fundamental ontology. However, studies focused on the writings of the young Heidegger, particularly on the phenomenology of religion, remained lacunar or rare. Through them it is showed that the early Christian life, reported in the New Testament, is an influence so decisive for the question for originary temporality that Heidegger declares that "early Christian life teaches temporality". Guided by the neo-Kantian environment, Heidegger becomes heir to the transcendental problematic giving it an entirely original treat. His positioning concerning to the transcendental problematic gave rise to the notion of facticity. The understanding of early Christian life through the hermeneutics of facticity elicits phenomenological findings which will promote the philosophical elaboration of factical experience of life which anticipates the design of fundamental ontology, brought in Being and Time, and thus consists an indispensable examination for understanding the heideggerian philosophy.