Planejamento, gestão e (re)ordenamento territorial da orla: o caso do Projeto Orla em João Pessoa-PB nos bairros do Bessa e Jardim Oceania

Abstract

This paper is the result of a research that takes place in the seafront of the city of João Pessoa-PB-showing the implementation of the Integrated Management of the Waterfront Project Waterfront Project - in the Bessa Beach neighborhood, placed in the eastern and northern coast of the city. The process of irregular occupation and use of the beaches is a recurrent feature in several Brazilian beaches. Due to this disordering on urban occupation of the Brazillian coast, as emphasized by Moraes (1999), the Federal Government has been developing actions that aim to put into effect a territorial reorganization, establishing a discipline of land use in these coastal areas. We can see this concern of the Federal Government with coastal management, primarily through the creation of the Law nº 7661/1988 - establishing the National Coastal Management (PNGC) and, in 2001, when the it was created the Integrated Management of the Waterfront Project. It aims to perform an urban and environmental management of Brazil‟s coastline on its 8500 km of length, making the application of general guidelines for disciplining the use and occupation of the coastal territory. On the shoreline of João Pessoa, specifically at the Bessa beach, there was a controversial issue regarding the use and occupation of the land, because the disciplining of the urban land use present in federal and state laws were not respected. Bars and stalls advanced by the Union‟s land in about 20 meters of the area allowed for occupation, neglecting the environmental legislation in the Federal Constitution and in the Municipal Environmental Code. In the Integrated Management Project of João Pessoa, it was planned the retreat of the properties in Jardim Oceania and the removal of the tents at Bessa, that due to legal barriers, were demolished only after financial compensation to the owners of the tents by the city power, however, we emphasize that these owners are the ones who should pay compensation in accordance with existing laws.