Análise geoambiental e degradação no município de Cabaceiras-PB

Abstract

The Brazilian semiarid presents a biotic and abiotic framework still little known scientifically, which ends up favoring the occurrence of environmental degradation, hallmark the set of existing landscapes, particularly in their areas of increased climatic dryness. This work was conducted in the municipality of Cabaceiras-PB, known as the least rainfall in Brazil, where there are also serious environmental impacts due to the occurrence of some natural processes and primarily through the use and occupation of land by agricultural and extractive activities, from beginning of the occupation of their territory. The overall objective of the research was to analyze the existing level of environmental degradation in the city, with the specific objectives, perform the physical-geographic diagnosis, analyze the vulnerability of landscape units associated with socioeconomic activities and analyze the relationship between historical and socioeconomic process use and occupation of land with environmental degradation. The methodology was based on geosystemic and ecodynamic theories, as well as the concepts and processes causing environmental degradation. For methodological procedures, geoprocessing and remote sensing, accompanied by field work to validate the responses were used. As results, it was concluded that the municipality is predominantly in a medium level of stability and vulnerability, prevailing morphogenesis on pedogenesis and 32.36% of the study area was considered degraded, in view of the loss of biomass between the periods of 1989 and 2005. From the standpoint of shares that can contain the degradation and improve environmental quality currently found, we sought to highlight some guidelines and existing public assistance programs, which, being well executed, can solve or at least ameliorate the situation.