Otimização econômica e ambiental de um sistema de poligeração incluindo energia solar fotovoltaica e biomassa: estudo de caso em um hospital paraibano

Abstract

This M.Sc. dissertation includes four manuscripts, elaborated from the results obtained in a study case carried out at a public hospital in the Paraíba state (northeast Brazil), considering economic, legal and environmental aspects. Photovoltaic solar energy and biomass were included in the polygeneration superstructure for a large-sized consumer center, for distributed energy generation. An optimization model, based on Mixed Linear Integer Programming (MILP), was built and solved for the obtainment of optimal configuration and operation of the energy supply system under economic and environmental viewpoints. Environmental information was generated by the application of the Life Cycle Assessment methodology to the equipment of the superstructure as well as energy resources available. The regulation that encompasses distributed generation in Brazil is studied, in detail, on the basis of comparative law. It was verified, generally, that despite a rather advanced and consolidated regulation is in force, there is still a lack of fiscal and economic incentives to make distributed generation viable in Brazil. The economic optimization suggested the utilization of biomass in boilers for the production of hot water, and when compared to a conventional system, presented an annual cost 10.99% lower. The environmental optimal solution indicated trigeneration to minimize the envitonmental impacts produced by thesupply and conversion energy system.